ECONOMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial matters - Essay Example The recuperating indications of the world economy because of good execution by the policymakers prompted the fall of gold costs as the interest for gold fell because of better yield on interest in different class of advantages. Gold, Long a Secure Investment, Loses Its Luster: Background review During the time of monetary downturn, the costs of gold took off and turned into the looked for after venture for the financial specialists. The ascent in the costs of gold implied that the world economy was not performing great. Because of the monetary downturn and the worldwide budgetary emergency from 2008 to 2011, the gold costs arrived at its most noteworthy top in 2011. This could be seen from the maker value record as given underneath. Because of the emergency in the economy, the all out factor profitability of the countries was hit and the variables of creation were influenced because of the downturn of the economies. The emergency in the economy offered ascend to a circumstance of liq uidity emergency. The fall in salary levels of the individuals prompted the fall in utilization request in the economy. Because of this, the efficiency of the business houses and modern bodies fell. The fall in income and productivity prompted the disintegration of abundance of the investors and market speculators. Alongside this the disintegration of certainty of the financial specialists on the stock execution of the organizations prompted the fall of valuation of the organizations and market lists. As a swap for the interest in securities exchanges, the speculators trusted on the interest in gold markets (McGuire, 2010, p.37)1. The interest in gold was viewed as rewarding as costs of gold expanded on the rear of appeal for gold. An interest in gold offered more significant yields on venture and there was no disintegration of riches from the measure of speculation. Aside from that gold could be sold anytime of time and was considered as attractive venture. The nearness of enormous number of purchasers allowed the chance to change it into money anytime of time. Every one of these components prompted the ascent in the costs of gold. Interest in gold was regarded to be a venture that would in which the profits got could never be brought down (Northcott, 2010, p.46)2. The spray in he gold costs in the course of the most recent couple of years fuelled by powerless monetary conditions has been spoken to underneath. Request and Supply Analysis The change in the cost of gold could be clarified from the interest flexibly bend for gold as given underneath. As the interest for gold rose in a more fragile financial condition, the interest bend moved from position 1 to 2 delineated by the red line. Accordingly, so as to keep up a place of balance with the flexibly, the costs of gold rose from P1 to P2. The converse is additionally valid at fall in costs for gold because of fall popular. Gold looses its gloss: Rational behind dive in gold costs The unforeseen dive in the costs of gold as of late has happened as aftereffect of recuperation in the presentation of the economies everywhere throughout the world. The right systems received by the policymakers so as to keep up a legitimate equalization of flexibly and request in the economy, controlling expansion through proper financing costs, financial and money related strategies have prompted pivot of the economies of the world. The monetary changes and recuperation from the financial downturn prompted improvement in the performanc

Motivation Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inspiration Case study - Essay Example A vocation that has more significant levels of these center attributes is higher in propelling potential. This connection between work qualities and worker inspiration is directed by the representative's development need quality. The connection between the nearness of elevated levels of the center employment qualities and inspiration at work is more grounded for people who have solid development needs. The activity attributes model gives an applied edge work to improving the measure of rousing potential inborn in the structure of the activity through expanding expertise assortment, task character, task essentialness, self-rule, and criticism from the errand itself. Changing components of the activity's plan to reinforce these center rousing attributes is known as occupation improvement (McKenna n.d, 199). At Disney under Iger's authority, the representatives have been given a moderately loosened up hand to play out the undertakings they are acceptable at with the top administration not getting into miniaturized scale the board. This permits workers to settle on choice dependent on their own decisions and requires a progressively mind boggling level of aptitudes. Subsequently the ability assortment of the representatives has been expanded under Iger. The expanded degree of appointment that the workers appreciate alongside the self-sufficiency to perform undertakings as they see fit has been one of the prime explanations behind the higher inspiration levels at Disney under Iger. Representatives feel that their commitment to the work they perform is more prominent now and they can accept their position to fruition and in this way can appreciate a specific feeling of possession about it. The more prominent degree of ability assortment, task noteworthiness and task character has driven the Disney representatives to encounter a more prominent degree of weightiness in the work they perform, as is appeared by the JCM prerequisites in the outline in the supplement. This was in sharp differentiation to Eisner's system of expanding his own impact and crushing the certainty of the representatives to settle on own choices and subsequently, diminishing their discernment about the commitment they make to the work. This has prompted higher interior work inspiration and greater execution as representatives have had the option to focus on the inventive perspective and do what they are acceptable at. This has guaranteed that regardless of whether the top administration isn't innovative, the consistent flood of innovativeness from the representatives and individuals great at their work has kept the star of Disney thriving. 2-How can value hypothesis clarify the distinction in inspiration of representatives working under Eisner, when contrasted with having Iger as CEO Discuss. The Theory Value Theory endeavors to clarify social fulfillment regarding impression of reasonable or uncalled for appropriations of assets inside relational connections. It states that workers look to keep up value between the information sources that they bring to a vocation and the results that they get from it against the apparent data sources and results of others. The conviction is that individuals esteem reasonable treatment which makes them be roused to keep the reasonableness kept up inside the connections of their collaborators

So Youre Stuck in a Cycle of Debt ... Now What

So Youre Stuck in a Cycle of Debt ... Now What So Youre Stuck in a Cycle of Debt Now What? So Youre Stuck in a Cycle of Debt Now What?In order to stop running on a hamster wheel of debt, youll need to split your focus between two major financial priorities: Paying down debt and building up your savings.Imagine how difficult it must be to ride a unicycle across a tightrope, high above the circus crowd. Maybe you have one of those poles you can use to keep your balance or maybe you don’t. Seems pretty difficult, doesn’t it? Even terrifying?Now imagine that cycle was made of debt. Did that somehow make it even more terrifying? Or do you have no idea what we’re talking about? Because, honestly, we’ve kind of lost track of the metaphor here a little bit.Regardless, getting stuck in a debt cycle can keep you from getting a proper financial foothold and accomplishing your goals. A massive debt load will drain your savings and tank your credit score, possibly forcing you to rely on predatory no credit check loans like payday loans, title loans, and cash advances when you have an unforeseen expense.And if you find yourself stuck in one, youll have put in some hard work to pull yourself out. So slide your feet into the pedals and let’s get going! What is the debt cycle?The debt cycle is more or less what it sounds like. It’s a cycle of personal loans, credit cards, and other financial products that leads you further and further into debt. In other words, if you have to spend more than you’re taking in, you aren’t going to be able to pay off your debt and it’ll keep accumulating.“The debt cycle is the continuous process of borrowing that increases debt and can eventually lead to default,” warned Leslie H. Tayne Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq), Founder and Head Attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup).“When you spend beyond your means, your debt becomes unmanageable, and your interest begins to build up at a rate you can no longer keep up with. You may then consider taking out a personal loan to pay off debt, which is essentially going in to debt to pay off your debt.”And trying to pay off your debt without a proper plan can sometimes make the debt cycle even worse.“Rushing to get out of debt is a major cause of the debt cycle,” cautioned Brie Sodano, founder of  From Sheep to Shark (@sheeptoshark). “The common financial ‘wisdom’ says to save $1,000 and put all the extra cash toward debt repayment. This plan fails when an unexpected expense happens, and there is no savings to pay for it. Then the debtor perpetuates the cycle by using debt to pay for the emergency.”“The way the debt cycle was explained to me was best summed up in this analogy,” explained Josh Hastings, founder of  Money Life Wax (@moneylifewax). “Your cars speedometer says it can go 150. And sure, it might be able to top out at 150, but revving the engine and constantly going from point A to point B at max speed will hurt the shelf life of that car.“The same can be said for the economy, your personal banking habits, and the ‘de bt cycle.’ Leveraging credit over and over again can become burdensome, stressful, and eventually more problematic. Just like the car going 150, leveraging credit and being in debt can be mentally draining or worrisome.”Okay, so if you currently find yourself spinning away on that great hamster wheel of debt, what can you do get out of it?Youll need to build your savings.We recently wrote about how you should choose between prioritizing saving or paying off your debt. Check it out and then get back to us.Welcome back! As you’ll realize if you read that post or have had to manage your finances in general, it’s tough to both build up your savings and pay down your debt. But if you want to break out of the debt cycle, it’ll be a big help to have some sort of savings so an unexpected expense doesn’t undo all of your progress.“In order to break the cycle of debt, you have to start saving,” urged  Adrienne Ross, Chartered Financial Consultant and Accredited Financial Coun selor. “Even if you are only able to save $5.00 a week, you must start saving. Building up a cash reserve is a crucial part of your journey to debt freedom. Without a cash reserve, every unexpected life event will land you right back in debt.“This has been proven true time and time again, but one story stands out in my mind. I was working with a single mother who was struggling to manage her money and get out of debt. Saving even $5.00 a week was a challenge, so we started with just having her save her coins.She would use cash to buy her groceries and gas. At the end of each week, she would take all of her change and put it in a jar. Every time she earned extra money, it went into the jar. All along, she kept making payments on her debts and working to stick to her budget. The jar was there as her ‘just in case’ money.After one year, she took the jar to the bank and discovered she had saved over $500. That $500 was just the beginning and provided the financial stability she needed to break free from the debt that was stifling her life.”Now, it’s time to make a plan.Make a budget and a debt repayment plan.When it comes to actually paying off your debt, you’re going to want a planâ€"and a budgetâ€"that you can stick to.“A great way to get out of it is to first do a budget,” suggested certified financial planner  Luis F. Rosa (@luis_f_rosa). “Sit down and take a look at the last three months bank statements so that you can get a good idea of how much money you actually spend. Then write down all of your debts, their minimum payments, APRs, and balances. Once you have that you can use a few different methods to tackle that debt.”And what are some of those methods?“One option is debt consolidation,” offered Rosa. “Another can be the snowball method, where you pay the minimum to all creditors except for one, sending the excess amount that you can afford beyond the minimum payments to the account with the lower balance. The avalanche metho d is similar, but instead, you pay the account with the highest APR first. You can use free websites like PowerPay.org to see which method works for you.And here are a couple more suggestion from Tayne:“Put your credit cards away. Another important step in breaking the debt cycle is to stop using your credit cards. Using them will only compound the issue. With your adjusted budget, you should be working to pay all your monthly expenses without taking your credit cards out of your wallet.“Frequently, getting into debt is the result of a cash flow problem. If you’re worried about making ends meet, you may want to consider taking on a side job to bring in some more income. However, be aware of how you’re spending the extra money you’re bringing in. Getting out of debt should be a top priority.”Much like riding a bike, we hope you won’t forget these tips to get out of your debt cycle. Ride on! To learn more about leaving bad credit loans behind and building yourself a bett er financial future, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert Tips10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends JealousWant to Raise Your Credit Score by 50 Points? Here Are Some TipsDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsJosh Hastings is a former High School Athletic Director at the secondary level who shifted his focus in 2016 to focus more effort on his entrepreneur endeavors. In 2017 he founded  Money Life Wax (@moneylifewax), a personal finance site dedicated to helping millennials with student loans. With an emphasis on money and finance behavior, Josh started Money Life Wax  to help millennials realize there are other ways to make money and be happy in the 21st century.Luis F. Rosa (@luis_f_rosa) focuses on working with young up and coming professionals who are lookin g to better position themselves for a successful financial future. Luis is a Certified Financial Planner and is enrolled to practice before the IRS. This diverse industry knowledge allows him to best serve his clients by understanding how one financial decision affects the other, allowing him to better guide them toward achieving their goals.Adrienne Ross is a Personal Financial Counselor who specializes in helping families in transition organize and manage their financial lives. Over the last 10 years, Adrienne has put her expertise in personal finance to work helping individuals and families eliminate debt and build the life of their dreams. Currently, Adrienne holds multiple certifications including CFP ®, AFC ®, and ChFC ®.Brie Sodano is the Founder of From Sheep to Shark (@sheeptoshark). Her goal is to help one million women improve their money situation and to give 100 million dollars away in the process.Leslie H. Tayne, Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq) has nearly 20 years’ experien ce in the practice area of consumer and business financial debt-related services. Leslie is the founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), which specializes in debt relief.

Financial Statement Analysis for Glaxosmithkline...

List of Graphs [pic] Figure 1: Analysis of Sales Revenue 2010 9 Figure 2: Analysis of Sales Revenue 2011 10 Figure 3: Analysis of Sales Revenue 2012 10 Figure 4: Current ratio 16 Figure 5: Acid/Test Quick Ratio 17 Figure 6: Profit margin Ratio 18 Figure 7: Asset turnover 19 Figure 8: return on asset 19 Figure 9: Return on shareholders equity 20 Figure 10: Earning per share (EPS) 21 Figure 11: Price/Earning (P/E) ratio 22 Figure 12: Price/Equity ratio 22 Figure 13: Dividend per share (DPS) 23 Figure 14: Debt to total asset ratio 24 Figure 15: Net assets value per share 25 Figure 16: Market price per share 27 List of Tables [pic] Table 1: Analysis of Sales Revenue 10†¦show more content†¦This change of name takes place following global merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham in December 2000. The Company has a total number of employees over 671 with an efficient management team. A team of 181 field-force including 11 line managers covers countrywide on average 2000 daily calls to 22,000 target doctors, while there is a strong team of distribution personnel engaged in distributed activities to cover average 19,000 customers including retailers and wholesalers through own distribution channel in 11 District Marketing Offices throughout the country. In Bangladesh, GlaxoSmithKline holds the 6th positions in pharmaceutical industry having a market share of 15.6% (as of September 2007) occupying strong hold in key therapeutic areas like Respiratory, Anti-infectives and Vacciness. Brand names of some major products of the company are: Ventolin Inhaler, Ceporex, Zinnat, Parapyrol, Zantac, Piriton, Dermovate, Betnovate, Dextrose, Engerix-B etc. Mission Statement [pic] â€Å"Our mission statement explains why we are in business. Our global quest is to improve the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and live longer. Our mission gives us purpose. Our size gives us opportunity. Our spirit gives us the qualities as individuals and as organization that will enable us to turn our opportunities into achievements. Our sprit will guide us, keep usShow MoreRelatedRatio Analysis of 5 Pharmacuticals Companies in Bangladesh3775 Words   |  16 PagesAssignment On Ratio Analysis Submitted to: Mr. Saud Ahmed The Course Instructor Security Analysis amp; Portfolio Management Submitted by: S.N. | Member Name | ID | 01 | Anwar Murshed | MBA 048 13912 | 02 | Mahfuj Reza | MBA 047 13761 | 03 | Tania Islam | MBA 048 13917 | 04 | Abdullah Al Mamun Khan | MBA 048 14013 | 05 | Swarna Akter | MBA 049 14397 | Date of Submission: Tuesday, November 27, 2012 Stamford University Bangladesh 44 (744 old), Satmosjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka IndexRead MoreGlaxosmithkline18561 Words   |  75 PagesGlaxoSmithKline company profile Francis Weyzig Amsterdam, October 2004 Summary Business description GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the world’s largest research-based pharmaceutical corporations that discovers, develops, manufactures and markets branded human health products. Headquarters: UK, with additional operational headquarters in the USA Global presence: about 160 countries Primary markets: USA, France, Germany, UK, Italy and Japan Employees: approximately 103,000 GSK key figuresRead MoreAnalyzing Current Sbu’s for Assigning Resources (by Using Boston Consulting Group Approach): Example for Bangladesh Perspective.7819 Words   |  32 Pagesbring this product in a tea bag with separated chamber for each item that is sugar, milk and tea leaves. This product is completely new in Bangladeshi market. We are going to introduce this product with the slogan â€Å"Refreshing Bangladesh†. And we are here to refresh the Bangladesh again with a strong sprite. 1.1 Product Preview This product is produced under the brand name â€Å"Tea Garden†. This product is available in a box which contains 30 tea bags. It is also available in mini packages that containRead MoreThe Role of Financial Institutions in the Economic Development of Bangladesh11088 Words   |  45 PagesFinancial Institution In financial economics, a financial institution is an institution that provides financial services for its clients or members. Probably the most important financial service provided by financial institutions is acting as financial intermediaries. Most financial institutions are highly regulated by government. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of financial institutions: 1. Deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and make loans, including banksRead MoreProject Report on Dabur Company7854 Words   |  32 PagesSUMMER PROJECT REPORT ON FINANCIAL MODELING OF DABUR Under the guidance of Mr.DheerajVaidya, Director Corporate Bridge Consultancy Pvt. Ltd. In partial fulfilment of the requirements For the award of MASTER IN MANAGEMENT STUDIES(MMS) (Affiliated to university of Mumbai) VIVEKANAND EDUCATION SOCIETY’S INSTITUTE OF STUDIES AND RESEARCH CHEMBUR, MUMBAI Submitted by Sumit B. Agrawal ROLL NO: 01 MMS 2012-2014 Declaration By Candidate I wish to state that the work embodiedRead MoreIntroduction to Fmcg Industry8866 Words   |  36 Pageslargest personal care and household products company. In addition to Gillette, the company marketed under Braun, Duracell and Oral-B, among others, which have also been maintained by PG. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gillette_(brand) 8. LOreal (UK) Limited The LOrà ©al Group is the worlds largest cosmetics and beauty company[2] and is headquartered in the Paris suburb of Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, France. LOrà ©al has developed activities in the field of cosmetics, concentrating on hair colour, skin careRead MoreMarketing Project of Reckitt Benckiser19417 Words   |  78 Pagesfor US$1.4 billion ( £877 million). For such a fast-paced, entrepreneurial business some are surprised to learn the company’s history spans 150 years of innovation for consumers across the world. With a German and British heritage, RB’s drive for financial performance and social responsibility today can be seen in its deep roots – as shown in this timeline. History By Years 1800 1823 Founding of Benckiser by Johann A. Benckiser. Core business derived from industrial chemicals. 1840 Issac ReckittRead MoreMarketing Project of Reckitt Benckiser19403 Words   |  78 PagesUS$1.4 billion ( £877 million). For such a fast-paced, entrepreneurial business some are surprised to learn the company’s history spans 150 years of innovation for consumers across the world. With a German and British heritage, RB’s drive for financial performance and social responsibility today can be seen in its deep roots – as shown in this timeline. History By Years 1800 1823 Founding of Benckiser by Johann A. Benckiser. Core business derived from industrial chemicals. 1840 IssacRead MoreShort Cases19708 Words   |  79 Pages MANAGING MARKETING IN THE 21ST CENTURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7. THE MASS TRANSIT RAILWAY IN HONG KONG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8. SOCIAL MARKETING COMPANY, BANGLADESH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9. ENERGY WORLD, INC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 10. SOFTWARE CONSULTING, INC. . . . . . Read MoreResearch Project on Employee Welfare10513 Words   |  43 PagesRESEARCH PROJECT ON EMPLOYEE WELFARE (At Glaxosmithkline consumer healthcare ltd. Nabha) Submitted Toward Partial Fulfillment Of Requirement For The Award Of (MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEGREE) 2010-2012 Under the guidance of: Submitted by: Mr. HARPAL SINGH ROSY GARG Faculty (MBA Dept.) Roll No.248

The Benefits of Us History Essay Samples

The Benefits of Us History Essay Samples Key Pieces of Us History Essay Samples You don't wish to cover prewritten paper, because this isn't going to adhere to your assignment information or requirements. Unless you can locate a great supply of relevant research material, you should think again about your selection of topic. Once you've found your search and then the appropriate info, it is rather important to double check for accuracy. Cannot be utilized in conjunction with other promotional codes. The Us History Essay Samples Game Occasionally, an individual might encounter lots of challenges when he or she makes the decision to hunt for proofread samples of US history papers. The writing process is going to be a pleasure, and your reader will delight in reading your bit of academic writing. Perhaps you still have to understand more about the way to compose a history paper. It is an impossible task to write a fantastic history paper if you write about something you find b oring and don't care about in any way. Otherwise, a fast look at the topics listed below may offer you the inspiration you will need to think of your own title. Otherwise, there are numerous style guides you may choose from. The entire flapper girl fashion of dress was heavily about the Jazz scene. A manner of music that has had an enormous influence on American culture is the early trends of Jazz. Without them, you might be accused for plagiarism and you wouldn't need that on your record. Also, it is going to be helpful if you create your bid more personalized. The letter of intent is considered an official letter or an expert letter. A business letter of intent is typically used for buying a solution or solutions. The agreement mentioned here might be a buy agreement, a venture agreement or some other agreement that intends to close. Articles are a type of advertising, so they earn money by sending traffic to a Web website. If you are able to, you can earn money online writing articles. Make your list as long as feasible take a brief break. What Is So Fascinating About Us History Essay Samples? You may search whatever you want. Your very first idea is nearly always very likely to be too significant. Select something you're interested in. Write a list of ideas you've got or a list of things you're interested in. Us History Essay Samples for Dummies As you probably know, more competition will mean less odds of getting your potential clients to pick your bid. If you neglect to conclude well, all of your hard work is in vain. Nonetheless, it's tough to obtain a legitimate prospect. There was also a deficiency of teachers, and a lot of those who did teach were underqualified. An ess ay is also a quick bit of writing on a specific subject. If you wish to compose the essay yourself, we believe it would be best to select a universal subject or issue. Think of this issue of the history essay you've already written before. If you wish to compose a great history essay you'd better opt for a topic that's familiar to you. When you're writing your research paper's introduction, you ought to be building it around a particular outline that supplies a general review of the paper. For that reason, it is sometimes an excellent idea to try to choose a topic that you believe you will delight in researching about, and writing about. You'll have heard from quite a few sources about the selection of topic for your research paper. Some individuals frequently have problems drafting outlines, especially in regards to essay outlines. What Us History Essay Samples Is - and What it Is Not Now you must go exploring. Because of the mountainous territory, the start of production was extremely tricky. There are lots of discoveries throughout history that altered the world in various ways, the world wide web, electricity, semiconductors, to name just a couple. The Renaissance took place on a long length of time. Us History Essay Samples Options Creative Essay writing is currently recognized among the most helpfu l activity for kids for their general personality development. Some of the greatest research paper introduction samples incorporate primary resources supporting the argument or research of the issue. Or the paper might concentrate on medical discoveries, like the polio vaccine or penicillin. Chinese Medicine offers just one more paradigm whereby to examine mesothelioma.

Service Organization Free Essays

One gets good friends and a good wife by the grace of God! Friendship to sprout and grow properly needs certain favorable situations. However my friendship with my guests of the day for this special brunch happened and developed under strange circumstances. God brought them together and united them in prison; in the barracks; in the common ward! How indeed does destiny work, when it decides to do something for the welfare of an individual! They were all young – more or less of equal age. We will write a custom essay sample on Service Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like any youngster, they too wished to get rich quickly. Is it possible to become so by doing sundry jobs or working in road-side eateries? No, not at all! So they had the holy beginning of their career by taking to pick-pocketing; then they switched over to chain-snatching; but all efforts proved futile–even house-breaking proved to be of no avail, for they could not attain the reasonable standard of living. They wished to do something fruitful and result-oriented – definitely, for that, they picked up the latest in the line–stealing cars! Indeed they did brisk business and promptly landed in jail – for identical crimes! Destiny chased them again! Coming and going out of the jail became their routine, and their friendship deepened. But they were waiting for the rare opportunity, when they all would be out of the jail at the same time. Destiny obliged them again! When all of them were out of the jail, they decided, â€Å"The time has arrived for us to strike big! Enough of local cars! † Their eyes fell on a Mercedes car, but their patch of bad luck had just commenced – call it their inexperience or the reverse gear for their luck! The first Mercedes they stole belonged to the Chief Secretary of Home Department.. The police — If they will, they have the ability to recover a stolen needle also. Within four hours of the theft, the Chief Secretary was comfortably seated in the air-conditional comfort of his own car – and our friends in the jail-cell, badly beaten and bruised! They went through a quick trial and were promptly awarded three years rigorous imprisonment! It was during this period that I got an opportunity to interact with them. I was the volunteer with a Service Organization, that looked after the mental health of the prison inmates and somehow I took instant liking for these four friends. I am good at teaching spirituality to others, and listening to my counseling, they got an opportunity to think deep! . â€Å"On release from the prison, we should also live like any other citizen of the country by giving up the path of crime†. Of late, they had heard of many such stories of ‘transformation’– A gold-smuggler of international repute in that line for two decades after completing his five year jail sentence, bought a plot of land at Mumbai, and started the legitimate profession of building, buying, and selling residential/commercial flats. He then earned so much money within two years that he deeply regretted, â€Å"Why I wasted decades of my life in gold- smuggling! This line is more lucrative than gold-smuggling†, he emphatically opined! Each of the four friends had some ‘hard-earned’ savings securely deposited in a foreign bank, notorious for maintaining the secrecy of its important clientele. They all decided to be businessmen by buying shops in a row in a shopping centre, and engage in different trades! Grocery, Electrical Appliances, Photo Studio and Bakery– the plans to open these four shops were finalized. After establishing the businesses, all of them would marry and lead the respectable life of house-holders. They would lead an ideal life, remain good friends, excellent neighbors, and live like members of one family. They discussed and agreed on several such high ideals of life and living. But they imposed a strict condition on themselves. They will never enter into a day-to- day discussion about business matters. Exactly after one year, they will review the matter – whether they should continue in business or revert to the old profession! They would pursue that vocation which would be more profit-giving and more happiness-providing! Presently what they decided was: They should live with mutual co-operation. They should remain honest among themselves. But, nobody should interfere in the other’s business dealings! â€Å"How soon would you come again? † the Jail Superintendent asked them good-humouredly, on the day of their release from the jail. â€Å"Respected Sir, let this be our last meeting behind the bars. Thank you for your co-operation. Please bless us,† said the friends in unison. On the day of their release, I had a heart to heart talk with them. I will invite them for a treat, exactly after one year to know about their moral ascendancy, and today’s brunch was the result of that gentleman promise! They walked out to their freedom. They bought four shops in a row, in a suburb of Mumbai. On an auspicious day, Grocery shop of Rex, Electrical Appliances shop of Alex, Photo Studio of Tom and Bakery of Sam were opened. From day one, they did reasonable business. But sometimes, when they recalled the adventures of their past-lives, they felt tempted by their old profession. But, according to the mutual understanding, they had to carry on and push the business-cart, at least for one year. After about a month, Rex thought that Alex was doing brisk business. â€Å"If I continue to live with honest dealings for one year, what if I forget my past expertise! † he feared. â€Å"I must do something to at least maintain the level of that expertise,† he surmised! But, suddenly he remembered about the promise he made to his friends to remain honest for one year! But Rex failed to control his mind! â€Å"I must do something. This is the question of my future† – Rex had arrived at a decision! When Alex was not in his shop, bidding his time, Rex was on his action plan. A copper wire connected Alex’s electrical meter with that of Rex. He had to drill a small hole through the thick wall separating their shops. He did it so efficiently and the concealed wiring was done so nicely that nobody could notice it. From that instant, Alex owned electrical bill of Rex. â€Å"I now save about fifty dollars a month,† he surmised. He was overjoyed! In the third month, when Sam purchased a second-hand car, it set Alex thinking! He too didn’t want to forget his past skills for his secure future! Sam used to park his car at a particular place. Alex dug a tunnel in his shop and the mouth of the subterraneous passage he created, opened right below the petrol tank of the car. He drilled a hole to the petrol tank and fixed a rubber pipe that brought the petrol directly into the waiting container at his shop. He made perfect arrangements for opening and closing the petrol-donating hole of the tank. As soon as Sam parked his car, Alex profited by a liter of petrol daily – gain of about 75 dollars a month. Alex was happy thus! In the fourth month, when Tom got his new telephone connection, Sam thought on similar lines. He lost no time to react. Keenly intelligent as he was, he quickly fixed the ‘pair’ for his newly acquired ‘instrument’, only through Tom’s authorized telephone connection. Since he had the telephone facility now, he renewed his contacts with some of his old friends at distant cities. Of course, he kept his instrument at a secret and a sound-proof corner that he specially created in his shop for the purpose. In the sixth month, Tom was restless. He felt a sense of insecurity even in his dreams! He felt, â€Å"All my friends are progressing and I am left far behind! † He knew the habit of his gluttonous friend Rex. He used to drink a liter of milk and lots of curd daily. A milkman brought milk for him very early in the morning at 5†² O clock in a special can. He would keep the can on an elevated stand, press the door bell, and disappear into the darkness. Tom purchased an identical can. Everyday, he used to keep his can ready and one liter of water. He replaced this can with the original can of the milkman by pouring one liter of milk in his can. This he did in seconds! There was visible glow on the countenance of Tom—of course, by drinking 30 liters of fresh milk a month, at the cost his dear friend Rex! A year rolled by! The time had now arrived for their annual meeting at my house. I had made excellent reparations for the brunch at their request. All of them had made the joint request that I must serve them that tasteless dal and hard wheat cakes, which they used to eat in the jail! They had eaten so much of it, their internal organs could never forget the taste of that prison stuff! I had to make special arrangements by requesting another jail-bird(since released) who was in the cooking department in the prison I initiated their discussion. Who would give the account of his honest living for the last one year? Then, thus spoke Rex, â€Å"Tom is the youngest amongst us. We are all like his elder brothers. Let us hear his honest thoughts. His views– Tom dear, please speak first. † Tom was overwhelmed to hear the loving words of Rex for the trust he enjoyed with his friends! â€Å"Did I cheat such divine friends? † thought Tom, and he could control himself no more! Tears gushed down from his eyes. In an instant, Tom lay prostrate at the feet of Rex. He gave a detailed account of his misdeed, sobbing intermittently. He gave a solemn promise that he would remain honest at all times and at all costs. Looking at the never ending torrent of tears, Rex, Alex, and Sam–all of them confessed to their crimes and unleashed an uncontrollable crying session! Competition in rhythmic crying! Then Tom owned the difficult responsibility of controlling them! I too lent a helping hand to Tom, to console them! Thereafter, they ate the jail-like stuff, like gluttons! From that day onwards, they really commenced living an honest life–The telephone wire was cut; the meter wire was pulled out; the tunnel was filled with sand; the milk remained unadulterated! â€Å"What is there in the life of crime? If you wish to earn money and become prosperous, enter into business activity†, they used to advise their former prison-inmates since released. Yes, Rex, Alex, Tom Sam are leading an honest life. They are counted amongst the rich businessmen now. They don’t brag about their rags to riches story. They don’t discuss money matters with anyone at all! For, none of them is paying income tax! How to cite Service Organization, Papers

Jimi Hendrix Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s, Jimi Hendrix

Jimi Hendrix A legend was born on November 27, 1942 in Seattle with the name of James Allen Hendrix. He was a true American of Black, White and Cherokee blood. As a child, James who later changed his name to Jimi, was very shy and was raised by friends and family. He grew up in different homes that ranged from city life to living on the Cherokee reservation with his grandmother. With all of the difficulties that he struggled with in his early life he found refuge in music. His father bought him a guitar at the age of 13 and his love for music had begun. He grew up he listening to the music of the 40's and 50's and became well aquatinted with the sounds of other eras preserved in his father's record collection. There was a great influence of blues as well of R&B music that influenced his style and play. He spent what free time he had on the guitar and dropped out of school in 1959 so he would be able to further pursue his dreams. After he dropped out he enlisted in the army and spent this time try ing to figure out who he really was. He followed his dreams and after his discharge from the army he became a musician. For the next ten years Hendrix played with a countless number of bands on the way to his notoriety. His greatest success occurred when he formed the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 66'. With this he exposed to America who he was and what he stood for. During his reign he confidently rose to success with powerful and inspiring music. He was, "a prolific and profligate creator who left almost everyone who heard or saw him with the distinct impression that the heart center of his work remained tantalizingly out of reach."1 Jimi Hendrix remains an enigma, an innovator that remains unparalleled in what he brought to the world as well as what he accomplished with his music. How Jimi is perceived rests on his controversial life style and the handful of recordings that he left behind. But if his life is examined one finds a man that is trying to find true love. One who expresses himself freely and encourages others to do the same. "Being an artist is a heavy trip, if you're totally committed to what you do, you pay a lot of different types of dues."2 Jimi paid these dues with a struggle with alcoholism and a heavy drug addiction. He like so many other great artist, paid with his life during his constant struggle. But during this struggle Jimi expressed himself and lived a life for others. He came from an age of l! loving everyone and a constant quest for peace and happiness. He was outspoken in his political views and he used the stage to voice his opinion. Hendrix appeal came from not only his musical achievements but also from what he stood for. He was not a part of any existing musical or social movement, but he was true, he was what America stood for. Jimi Hendrix truly was a "man for others" and this Jesuit philosophy is exemplified throughout his life. Hendrix was a man that was full of love and he wanted most to attain peace from his music. He followed his soul and it made him holy. St. Paul said, "The greatest gift of all is the gift of love. Make love your aim". No one has ever seen God, but as long as we love each other God remains in us and his love comes to its perfection in us. This is the proof that we remain in him and he in us, that he has given us a share in his Spirit. God is love, and whoever remains in love remains in God and God in him (1 Jn 4:12-13,16). Through the act of love the Holy Spirit makes us Christ like. Jimi Hendrix portrayed love for all people and his beliefs coincided with his actions. During his life he sent the message of love, joy, peace, endurance, kindness, and generosity which all coincide with the benefits of the Holy Spirit. Despite some obvious

Poland essays

Poland essays In this centrury it seems that Poland has come in a full circle. It started out as an average European country and eneded up as the same: a country with a healthy acconomy, stable social structure, and viable government. The most interesting part of history is not the parts that are described like that. It is the same with Poland: the most interesting historical events have thrown the country into turmoil, even into war. They have, as a country, had to recognize such problems as racism and unfair prejudice based upon faith and ethnicity. They have also had to overcome being conquered, several changes in government, and political upheaval. In the process, the people have had to change their ideological practices, if not change their beliefs. Sometimes they embraced ideas and systems thankfully and gladly. Other times they had to be forced. Such times as those could be tragic or celebratory and, on ocassion, they were both. Historically, Poland has been an area of conflict because of its flat terrain and the lack it has of natural borders on the northern European border. Indeed, the history of Poland is one of the most engrassing national histories this century. The people reflect this in their collective identity. They have recovered from genocide and war to become a very cohesive group of people, both politaically and ethnically. We should applaud them for their terrific efforts to recover and remain a strong nation. My report is about Poland, the country today. I will write about their economic successes and weaknesses and their strengths in many other areas as well. Personally, I am very proud of their effort and I think of this report as a tribute to the Polish people perseverence. Poland is a nation of many faces, with mostly Polish people, there are also a very few German, Ukranian, and Byelorussian in residence. 95 percent of the people (and about  ¾ of those people are practicing) are Roman Catholic. Small minorities of Ea...

Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence

Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence By Maeve Maddox One of our readers asks if there is a rule for knowing when to write ence and when to write ance at the ends of words such as: affluence, eloquence, essence, influence, insurgence and ambulance, clairvoyance, finance, ignorance, nuisance In a priority list for English spelling reform, the spellings ence and ance, ent and ant, surely deserve a place near the top. Both ance and ence derive ultimately from Latin endings spelled entia and antia. Before the Sixteenth Century when English scholars busied themselves trying to make English spelling and grammar conform to the logic of Latin, some words that had already entered the language spelled with -ance were altered to ence. NOTE: The silent b came into the word debt at this time. In Middle English the word was usually spelled det or dette, rarely debte. The reforming scholars decided that since the word came from Latin debitum, it needed the b. As for knowing when to write -ence and when to write -ance, I believe that this is a case in which observation and practice offer the best solution. A spell checker can also help. A website called Everything2 formulates several rules for the ence/-ance, -ent/-ant spellings, but the multiplicity of rules and exceptions would seem to demand more mental exertion than simply memorizing the words one has trouble with. I was taught to attach what my teacher called a spelling pronunciation to words that do not sound the way they are spelled. For example, I have no trouble spelling chihuahua because I think /chI hoo-a hoo-a/. The same goes for words in ence and ance, ent and ant. I look at the word and emphasize the ending in my head: de fen DANT, prev a LENT. Do this often enough and the correct spelling will enter your long term memory. CAUTION: Some danger may attach to the use of mental spelling pronunciations: they may slip into your speech. Ive heard more than one TV lawyer pronounce /de fen dent/ as /de fen DANT/. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive InterjectionsTen Yiddish Expressions You Should KnowInspiring vs. Inspirational

A Kuwaiti National Studying in the United Kingdom Essay

A Kuwaiti National Studying in the United Kingdom - Essay Example The culture in Kuwaiti universities is more formal and structured. Instructors expect to be addressed using formal titles, with students to manifest respecting the barrier between students and professors, and to respect the level of prestige gained from the achievement of gaining higher education; otherwise, sanctions and penalties from violation of this code of discipline are applied. What I learned: The difference in cultural orientation has provided me with the privilege of gaining more knowledge in terms of interpersonal communication and relationships with people from various cultures and from different age groups, gender, and profession. The effects of this are an improvement in personal confidence as more training and practice were encouraged in the use of English, as a second language; and from insights and theoretical perspectives relayed by my mentors. I became happier and more optimistic, as a person, as a student, and as a colleague. How and When I Can Apply this Knowledg e: Due to experience, the improvement in English as a second language will increase future opportunities for employment, not only in Kuwait but in other global organizations, as well. Date: January 02, 2011 Place: In the University Activity Undertaken: Essay writing in the UK required the use of the Harvard style of writing. This is not at all used nor acknowledged in writing essays in Kuwait. Further, the university is very strict regarding the observance of plagiarism. It came as a culture shock to me because I panicked the first time I need to use Harvard referencing in my essay. I had to search through the library sources, through the Internet and reorient myself on rules on in-text citing, making the reference list, among others. I am also very careful in paraphrasing other authors’ statements so that I would not be charged with plagiarism.

Understanding values Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Understanding values - Assignment Example An evidence of this is the fact that although people differ on their opinions on a subject, their understanding of what is right or wrong is mostly the same. For example, some people are in favor of legalization of drugs while others are against it, though people on both sides of the argument mutually think that drugs and their influence on the society should be reduced. Even the argument for the legalization of drugs is made with a view to suppressing the frustration and the development and functioning of illegal channels that happens when the drugs are illegalized. The in-born ability, conscience is the word used for which, is guided or influenced by a range of external influences, typically culture and religion. Of all such factors, religion is the most powerful factor that confirms or denies an idea that is considered righteous by our inherent conscience. That is why â€Å"Christianity has often been associated with authority† (11) However, it is needless to say that people voluntarily accept religion and give it that exalted status to dictate values in their lives because of the emotional appeal made to them by the religion. Dictating and establishing values is one of the most fundamental functions of a

Is Rawlss Critique Of Utilitarianism Fair Philosophy Essay

Is Rawlss Critique Of Utilitarianism Fair Philosophy Essay The question we are going to deal with immediately draw my attention; as Rawls work on justice not only turns out to be theoretically relevant, but even particular considering the time it was published, it results being determinant from a historic point of view. Indeed A theory of justice was written in 1971, in these years as we know cold war reached its climax and contrast between the Soviet Union and the United States was severe. These conflicts implied not only a political (and fortunately not military) conflict, but at its deepest layer a difference in ideology, beliefs, thought. As well known the soviet model had its roots in Karl Marxs (1818-1883) communist philosophy while the western countries found their attachment mostly in utilitarianism. These philosophies oppose in its assumptions and appear not to be compatible witch each other. What Rawls proposes us is an innovating solution to conjugate social justice and utilitarianism in an innovating if not revolutionary theory of justice. He is considered to be the father of the third way among a centralized economy and laissez-faire. As previously anticipated the theory of justice also has a fundamental theoretical value as it marks the turning point in some very important and discussed conceptual differences which became part of nowadays political agenda. Rawls famous theory of justice criticized utilitarianism at its roots. After a brief introduction about the topic of discussion, my attention is going to focus on the basic ideas of utilitarianism as it is the philosophical theory which opposes most to Rawls theory of justice. We will then analyze Rawls attack to utilitarian philosophy as explained in his book: A theory of justice. Furthermore we will place our attention on the reasons why Rawlss judges utilitarianism wrong, and on other arguments against it. John Rawlss thought John Rawls is widely considered one of the most innovative and influential thinker of the twentieth century. Put in Amartya Sens words:By far the most influential and I believe the most important theory of justice to be presented in this century has been John Rawls Justice as fairness (Sen, 1992:p. 75) He was born in 1921 in the city of Baltimore, made his studies in Princeton and Oxford, before becoming a professor in one of the most known universities of the United States: Harvard. He is mostly known through his famous book A theory of justice (1971). The philosopher claims that justice is the first requisite of social institutions, just in the same way as the pursuit of truth is the final aim of any philosophy. His basic claim is that as a theory a needs to be discarded or at least changed in its missing parts if it is not true, in the same way institutions or laws have to be abolished or reformed if they are not fair. He goes on saying that even if society as a whole might profit from certain institution, they cannot be accepted and left in place if even only one person gets an unfair treatment as a consequence of their operation. Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override. For this reason justice denies that the loss of freedom for some is made right by a greater good shared by others. It does not allow that the sacrifices imposed on a few are outweighed by the larger sum of advantages enjoyed by many.( Rawls, John A Theory of Justice  (Belknap Press of Harvard University Press), 1971, p 3.) As he defined his idea about justice, he wanted to give a rational foundation to it. He wanted to ensure that his justice assumptions were rational and shared by all members of society. Given the fact that individuals are different and have different aims in life it is necessary to find some principle which could be agreed on by all members. The way by which people could find a general agreement is very well known in philosophy and social sciences as public law. What is being referred to is the idea of original position and veil of ignorance. Part of its great success is due to the fascinating representation given by the author. He imagines a so called original position in which the single individuals decide the rules which will govern society. What is crucial is the fact that they do this choice in absolute ignorance concerning some relevant information of their future lives in society. The agreement is so being made in a condition of a veil of ignorance. This avoids the fact that some which might be born in a very rich family would obviously be against high income taxes to transfer some wealth to the worse off. The poor one on the other hand would definitely welcome such taxes as they could profit from them. The people making the choice are thus presented as rational and not interested in others. No one could get an advantage from the choice of certain principles which would advantage a certain category, as they would not know which role they are going to have in society. To sum up we can say that the veil of ignorance has to exclude people from the knowledge of facts which would bring them to have conflicts. Al the parties are equal in this position, indeed everyone would have the same rights in proposing rules and accepting them. The outcome of this decision leads to a fair agreement because it is conducted in fair conditions. This is the reason why this theory is known as justice as fairness. He states that the philosopher which contributed most to the development of his theory has been Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), since Kants ethic is based on the personal choice of free, rational and equal individuals. Therefore he arrives to claim that the principles of justice are to be seen as categorical imperatives in the Kantian way. Indeed by categorical imperative Kant means these moral principles which are to be rationally respected and accepted from a free and rational individual. Opposed to these we find hypothetical imperatives which are the ones which aim at certain specific goals. Concerning the principles which have to be expected from the decision take under the veil of ignorance, we should not consider them as defined principles for actions but as general guide lines for practical political decisions. It is to be noticed that some critics might emerge at this point, authors like Sen criticized the fact that exactly these principles would emerge from the contracting under the veil of ignorance: The outcome might be a different one. The first principle states the following: Each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive basic liberty compatible with a similar liberty for others. (Rawls, 1971) What is exactly meant as basic liberties has to be defined more precisely, indeed they are: a) The active and passive right to vote; the first refers to the possibility to choose a political actor according to our preferences (what is commonly understood as right to vote). The second one (passive right to vote) refers to the fact that we have the possibility to candidate for elections and possibility be elected. b) Liberty of conscience, which is basically the faculty to choose or decide by your own, your future life, your way of being and your own destiny. c) Freedom of speech and assembly, so the possibility to express your own ideas and make them public even if they do not fit and are not coherent with the current political situation and its majoritys ideas. The freedom of assembly indeed refers to the possibility to arrange political assemblies to discuss political and practical issues. d) Freedom to personal propriety, which is to be understood as the possibility to have the personal private propriety on your goods (although he states that the private propriety of means of production is not necessarily to be seen as a primary good). e) Freedom from arbitrary arrest, which means the fact that the public power has not the freedom to arbitrary (so without a reason), arrest individuals because they might oppose or disagree with the public power itself. The second principle: Social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that (a) They are to be of the greatest benefit of the least-advantaged members of society, consistent with the just savings principle (the difference principle). (b) Offices and positions must be open to everyone under conditions of  fair equality of opportunity (Rawls, 1971, p.302) The first part of the second principle (a) holds the idea that the first goal in a choice should be to maximize the least well off rather than to maximize in general. (Maximin) This means that arrangements which imply inequalities might only be accepted if they increase the position of the poorest too. It is well explained by this graphical representation: C:Documents and SettingsRoberta SimeoneDesktoprawls function.jpg This graph is to be interpreted as if there were two individuals; giving freedom to our imagination let us call them: 1 and 2. The social utility of both is to be measured on the 45 degree line in the point of interception with the L curve. A few of them are marked in increasing utility order to give a general idea, I Already this argument (Maximin) proves the effectiveness of Rawls critique to utilitarianism because it gives attention to the distribution of wealth rather than considering merely the sum of all the agents utilities. This will be clear in the paragraph about utilitarianism. The justification for this argument is due to the fact that the randomness of the condition in which one is born is not linked to a moral entitlement. For instance the financial conditions of ones family or even the talents one has are merely casual. That is why it is right to increase first the worse off who had been unlucky in the lottery of life. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism was mainly born by Jeremy Benthams (1748-1832) work. His biggest innovation compared to previous thinkers was to found moral philosophy on a rational basis. This reflects the theoretical innovations of his time, which is the scientific method brought by enlightenment. He therefore tried to make ethics an analytical science which can be proven by logical and mathematical principles. This philosophy is founded on the basic idea that actions should only be judged from the value of its outcome. The key point if we assume this way of thinking, becomes to define precisely how we might value the effects of our actions. We could try to value different things which we generally assumed as good, such as happiness, satisfaction, wealth or even simple pleasure. Not giving any value judgment about this methodology to chose the right action, it is already possible to note that this part is particularly problematic as all these things turn out to be extremely difficult (if not impossible) to measure. The general principle is the so called utility, according to utilitarian philosophers it can be measured by calculation and thus it allows us to compare between actions leading to higher and lower utility outcomes. Bentham believes it is possible to possible to calculate pain and pleasure by using equations, this should be the way to define utility according to the duration and the strength of a feeling (positive or negative). Founding this principle of utility is a general assumption believed to be true by utilitarianism, it is the fact that any activity leads to two basic feelings, which are pleasure and its opposite: pain. Judgment about how to act should only be left to these two. In Benthams words: that property in any object, whereby it tends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good, or happinessorto prevent the happening of mischief, pain, evil, or unhappiness  (Jeremy Bentham Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation  ,1789). As we saw in this paragraph this basic understanding of utilitarianism does not allow us to go beyond a personal, individualistic judgment. How should indeed societys utility be considered? The definition of utility states that it should be considered compared to the part whose interest is concerned. If we consider society as the interested party which might be societys interest? In this philosophy social utility is simple: the sum of all individuals utilities. (As we saw, Rawls position criticizes exactly this simplicity by which utilitarianism simplifies individuals and the general social utility. Which effectively is a fair argument against it). An individualistic approach by which each person maximizes its own utility does not appear to be compatible with collective utility. The way utilitarian philosophers think that it is possible to enforce public interest is trough legislation as a tool, the law should define the principles society wants to respect and the actions which maximize social utility. A well planned legislation will lead to harmonize individual interest to social one by making obedience to laws more convenient than breaking it. This means that the expected utility of committing an action against the law should be lower than the possible advantage to commit a crime. Indeed Bentham tried to find a way to define particularly the penal code, in this way anyone would know the punishment applied for breaking the law which would be leading to a lower utility than respecting it. To give another graphical representation to be compared to the Rawlsian one we can have a look at the following graph: C:Documents and SettingsRoberta SimeoneDesktopUtilità  ut.jpg Again we have our 1 and 2 (individuals) determining social utility, the parallel lines have again a slope of 45 degrees this time turned through 90 degrees. The social utility is on the interception where the two individual ones cross. We can note the fact that even if one has all and the other any (interception between x axis u1 and W1) we still stay on the same social utility: W1. Critical points in utilitarianism Utilitarianism was all but left without critics, already Benthams successor John Stuart Mills (1806-1873) who was the second innovator in utilitarianism started to criticize different approaches and assumption used by Bentham. Indeed Benthams approach used to be focused on the theory by which the public actor should act. Mills on the other hand was focusing more on the personal morality of actions. Compared to Bentham he assumes an approach which is more internal, he tries to focus on the psychology of the agent. Here we find the first critic to utilitarianism; Mills believes utility maximization assumption to be too narrow to explain agents choices. An interesting critique is the one moved by Bernard Williams (1929-2003) it is well explained by an anecdote by Williams himself known as Jim and the Indians: Jim finds himself in the central square of a small South American town. Tied up against the wall are twenty Indians, in front of several armed men in uniform. A heavy man in a sweat-stained khaki shirt turns out to be the captain in charge and () explains that the Indians are a random group of inhabitants who, after recent acts of protest against the government, are just about to be killed to remind other possible protesters of the advantage of not protesting. However, since Jim is an honoured visitor from another land, the captain is happy to offer him a guests privilege of killing one of the prisoners himself. If Jim accepts, then as a special mark of the occasion the other Indians will be let off. Of course, if Jim refuses, there will be no special occasion, and the captain will do what he was about to and kill them all. () The men are against the wall and the other villagers understand the situation and are obviously begging him to accept. What should he do? (B. Williams, A Critique of Utilitarianism in Smart Williams, Utilitarianism: For and Against, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1973) Since utilitarianism only considers the utility of the outcome of an action there is no choice. It is much better in terms of general utility to kill only one person rather than having 19 others been killed. This would simply be better because utilitarianism considers that each one counts for one and only one. What Williams argues is different: that it is not the same consequence if a person is killed by my direct action or if he is killed because of my indirect behavior, which in this case would be an act of not taking participation. Killing actively one person would not preserve our personal moral integrity because indeed we would have killed a human being. This would harm our own personal moral integrity even though it might be a better outcome in terms of social utility. That is the reason why this objection is known as the integrity objection. Rawls critique Rawls position is deeply against utilitarianism, as this philosophy is accepting to give up individual interests for majoritys ones. The utilitarian assumption that individual interest might be given up for society, is criticized even if the sacrifice of someones interest might lead to greater efficiency. For Rawls it is more important to ensure justice before efficiency. It is claimed to be wrong if the majority would get an advantage but the one who has to take the sacrifice is the worst of, and this is unjust. Accordingly, in a just society we have to assume equal citizen rights, which again according to him are an absolute right under any circumstance. The only admissible injustice would be the one which would prevent a worse injustice. The first critical point of utilitarianism he identifies is the fact that it tends to make the individual disappear. Utilitarianism has a very narrowed view of human beings only considering its utility, to the point that once the individual utility is calculated there is no other relevant information concerning the person. This kind of reduction leads utilitarianism to be a philosophy which is indifferent to identity and individuality of people. Further, another critical point is the one concerning distributive justice, utilitarianism tries to maximize the social outcome as a whole, what it still fails to take into account is the distribution of that utility.(As explained by the second graph). If we abstract and consider wealth as utility it does not make a difference it one individual has a lot and most others only a little: the general sum of all the utilities is still maximized. Between two actions, one leading to a utility of six for the first individual and an utility of one for the second, and another leading to three for each ,utilitarianism would choose the first because seven is greater than six. This is because all what matters is the sum of utility, although this leads to profound injustice. Finally he claims that each desire is to be calculated and compared to other desires although they might differ in their nature, what is to be understood as a qualitative versus quantitative difference. Conclusion What Rawls criticized in utilitarianism appears to be right for general principles of social welfare. Utilitarianism has to be awarded with the innovation to apply rationality to moral philosophy. Although it forgets the distribution of wealth problem. This latter one appears to be the most effective critique to utilitarianism. It is undeniable that the utilitarian view of each individual maximizing its own utility as he best believes also implies a higher grade of freedom of choice. This choices should thou be made in a way which is not interfering with social purposes. An action should not only be valued from the utility it brings to the single individual but society as a whole. Because in the end even the single individual is staying in society and thou being influenced from the status quo he stays in. Social welfare is not only profiting the ones who directly gain from it but the whole systems stability. Injustices are the seed of contrasts, the French aristocrats living the French Revolution might agree with this view. Not only is the critique effective but also fair on a moral basis. Society should not be led by individualistic principles, such an assumption would mean to put social morality on the same layer as individual one. But societies emerged from collaboration between individuals to achieve something more. This is the reason why the state should try to be better than individuals particularly concerning morality. On the other had it has to be stated that utilitarianism has the great advantage of being practical and effective to apply. The use of calculation implies an incredible advantage in terms of efficiency in decision-making. Further it is not clear why the two principles of justice should necessarily emerge from the original position, this is basically the critique moved to Rawls by many, among them Amartya Sen. The idea is that other principles might emerge from the choice made under the veil of ignorance.

Examining Hamlet and The Great Gatsby Essay

According to Roger Lewis, â€Å"The acquisition of money and love are both part of the same dream, the will to return to the quintessential unity that exists only at birth and at death† (41). In both William Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, and F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, the protagonists are willing to sacrifice all that they have in order to achieve their unrealistic objectives and ambitions, resulting in their tragic demises. While there are many themes and concepts relevant to both Hamlet and The Great Gatsby, their parallels regarding their aspirations stand out for further evaluation. The concept of sacrificing all that a person has, not limiting to their own life, is ever present in these works. Both Hamlet and Gatsby make evident that they are willing and are capable of sacrificing all that is themselves to possibly reach their ultimate goal. Throughout William Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark is set on his goal of achieving vengeance and justice for his father’s murder, without the realization that his obstinate aspirations eventually lead to his own downfall. Unlike many other characters, Hamlet is very analytical; he makes very calculated and thoughtful moves before he acts, ultimately leading him to his death. â€Å"Hamlet represents the type of man whose power of direct action is paralyzed by an excessive development of his intellect† (Freud, Sigmund). This is furthermore supported when Hamlet is given a golden opportunity to attain vengeance for his father, but does not kill Claudius, the king of Denmark, for Hamlet mistakenly assumes that Claudius is praying. Hamlet: Now might I do it pat. Now he is a-praying. And now I’ll do’t. And so he goes to heaven. And so am I revenged, That would be scanned. A villain kills my father, and, for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send, To heaven. Oh, this is hire and salary, not revenge. (Hamlet, III, iii, 74-80) Hamlet misses an opportune chance to complete his mission, one to which he would have no opposition, but loses his chance due to his over-excessive thought process. On the other hand, Jay Gatsby is a person who appears to be motivated by only his urges and emotions; no other forces drive him more than his ultimate love lust. â€Å"Gatsby does not appear as a man of ordinary disposition acting under the direction of ordinary, explicable impulses. He appears instead as one under the spell of some enchantment† (Langman, F.H.). In other words, Gatsby himself was driven by a mighty inner need to reattain his once lost love. Through this, we see that Gatsby was not controlled by anything but his heart; his heart controlled his actions and thought process, and had completely consumed his entire life since his breakup with Daisy. Gatsby was willing to adjust himself to what Daisy seemed to desire at that moment. He hadn’t once ceased looking at Daisy, and I think he revalued everything in his house according to the measure of response it drew from her well-loved eyes. Sometimes, too, he stared around at his possessions in a dazed way, as though in her actual and astounding presence none of it was any longer real. Once he nearly toppled down a flight of stairs. (Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 112) In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby has made it his life mission to donate all of his possible energy and resources to attempt to acquire his love once lost. According to Carla Verderame, â€Å"The novel concerns itself with the struggles of reinventing oneself to attain the dreams and pleasures of one’s youth. In Gatsby’s case, the effort goes terribly awry.† Gatsby, throughout the novel, strives to retrieve his long lost love; he is willing to conform himself to whatever means he must conform to in order to achieve his end desired goal. â€Å"The poor boy who becomes a millionaire by extra-legal activities endeavors to recapture Daisy Buchanan by means of his newly acquired wealth. This ostentatious, mysterious character becomes the exemplar of the American dream and its flaws† (Bruccoli, Matthew J.). Jay Gatsby spends years of his life involved in illegal activity in order to accumulate enough wealth to be able to throw many parties, all for a possible chance to see his love once lost, Daisy. In this, both Jay Gatsby and Prince Hamlet are willing to sacrifice all that they have, not limited to themselves, in order to achieve their unrealistic goals. In comparison, Hamlet is content with altering his life and his current relationships, all for the sake of being closer to his ultimate goal, vengeance for his father. â€Å"Hamlet lacks faith in G-d and himself. Consequently he must define his existence in terms of others†¦ He would like to become what the Greek Tragic hero is, a creature of situation. Hence his inability to act, for he can only ‘act’†, i.e., play at possibilities† (Auden, W.H) Hamlet is willing to act mad, ruining all of his relationships, not limited to his romantic life, for a futile opportunity to get close enough to Claudius to kill him. Although both Jay Gatsby and Prince Hamlet are willing to sacrifice all for their aspirations, Gatsby puts on a false front, while Hamlet covers his; Gatsby pulls a facade as though he had been wealthy throughout his entire life, while Hamlet feigns insanity. Gatsby has attempted to pull a facade of him having always been wealthy, thus allowing him to be part of Daisy’s circle. Gatsby claims to have inherited his vast sum, hiding that he had actually self accumulated it over the years. By pretending to be wealthy to belong in an elite class, he is hoping for the opportunity and chance to have the ability of mixing in with Daisy, his lost love. â€Å"Past the last door to the last room and Gatsby’s facade is still up; he is still marshaling, even in his bedroom ‘many colored disarray’, literally pilling up: there is no end to his ‘soft rich heap’†¦But despite all the wealth they embody, they remain piles of things† (Lhamon Jr, W.T., 58). Though Jay Gatsby indubitably pretends he fits into the elite rich’s circle, he did not belong there in the least. Gatsby goes so far as to change his name, the one part of a being that will always be himself infinitely. He had gone so far as to change his name and identity as though it could be almost impossible to separate the fake facade from the real being. While delving so deep into a lie and false pretense, one can presume that likely at a point the two merged, creating a sort of equilibrium state, as though there had genuinely existed a ‘Jay Gatsby.’ â€Å"[Gatsby’s] parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people- his imagination had never really accepted them as his parents at all. The truth was that Jay Gatsby of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of God†¦ he must be about His Father’s business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious beauty. So he invented just the sort of Jay Gatsby that a seventeen year old boy would be likely to invent, and to this conception he was faithful to the end.† (Fitzgerald, F. Scott) In contrast, Hamlet has dissembled his true noble self in order to feign madness to draw Claudius near. Hamlet is far superior than any other characters in Hamlet, intellectually and with a potent inner strength. He embodies many incredible capabilities and abilities; Hamlet can be considered a paradoxical character, being both witty and cautious, kind but stern, etc. â€Å"[Hamlet] is endowed with the finest sense of propriety, susceptible of noble ambition, and open in the highest degree to an enthusiastic admiration of that excellence in others of which he himself is deficient. He acts the part of madness with unrivaled power† (Schlegel, August Wilhelm Von). Hamlet is inherently a noble and imperial being, therefore, for him to dissemble himself and conceal it enables him to feign his insanity, for insanity is much less noble than nobility. Hamlet appears to be a strong character, both physically and mentally. He is a very elegant thinker, who is by far more intellectual than his peers. â€Å"The character of Hamlet stands quite by itself. It is not a character marked by strength of will or even of passion, but by refinement of thought and sentiment† (Hazlitt, William). Hamlet is a very unique character in regards to his highly mature and noble sophistication. While it seems that Gatsby was not deserving of his vastly enourmous wealth along with the status that accompanied it throughout the book, on the contrary it is possible that he might in fact had been. One could argue that in reality he was a nobel character, deserving of his status in elite circles . Whether or not Gatsby had indeed inherited his sum or had invested legally or illegally, he truly did acquire an enormous sum of cash. Gatsby had come into life with almost nothing to his name, and had left it with enormous wealth. He was an honored individual who served his country and truly can be referred to as the epitome of the American Dream throughout his life. Gatsby ‘represented everything,’ Nick says, for which he feels â€Å"an unaffected scorn.† Even when he tells Gatsby, on their last meeting, that he’s ‘worth the whole damn bunch put together,’ Nick continues to disapprove of him on a social level. Gatsby has redeeming qualities, however†¦ Parts of his fantastic story turn out to be true. He had been a war hero, and has the medal from Montenegro to prove it. He had actually attended Oxford—for five months, as a postwar reward for military service, and produces a photograph in evidence. Above all, there was nothing phony or insincere about his dream of Daisy (Donaldson, Scott). That being said, it is important to also reanalyze Hamlet’s position; Hamlet could well possibly have not been concealing his true self, but rather trying to develop his plan cognitively. Although the question remains if he had truly become consumed by his ‘madness charade‘ or if it had been an act all along, William Shakespeare gives no indication in his work. â€Å"Hamlet, a very unconventional hero whose eloquence and endless deliberation on why he cannot consummate the revenge his father desires underscores his essential rhetorical role in the play. While Hamlet so eloquently describes his feelings, the question remains as to whether he actually feels them† (Bloom, Harold). Although it may appear that he had lost himself, if not beginning with his escapade concerning his old girlfriend then with his seemingly drivel conversations, it is highly likely that Hamlet had just been playing a part. This is seen when Hamlet is able to not only save his own life from the decree put forth by his uncle, but to complete his mission in the end as well. While there are many germane ideas present in both literary works, their parallels to each-other regarding their willingness to achieve their aspirations are regarded as a main point to be extracted for further assessments. Both protagonists were willing to do about anything, including altering their destinies, in order to achieve some aspiration of theirs, regardless of how unrealistic it may be. According to Khalil Gilbran, â€Å"To understand the heart and mind of a person, look not at what he has already achieved, but at what he aspires to.† (97) This being said, both Gatsby and Hamlet are intricate characters with much to delve and dissect on; though they both died tragic deaths, their deaths were not in vain for their legacies continue onward. Works Cited: Auden, W.H. Hamlet. qtd in Lectures on Shakespeare† ed. Arthur Kirsch. New Jersey: Princton University Press, 2000 Bloom, Harold, ed. â€Å"Background to Hamlet.† Hamlet, Bloom’s Guides. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2003. Bruccoli, Matthew J. New Essays on The Great Gatsby. Cambridge: Cambridgeshire, 1985. Donaldson, Scott. Fool for Love: F. Scott Fitzgerald qtd. on â€Å"On Gatsby and the Historical Antecedents for Gatsby.† Bloom, Harold, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2006. Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretations of Dreams. qtd. as â€Å"Hamlet’s Deepest Impulses† Harold Bloom, ed. Shakespeare’s Tragedies, Bloom’s Major Dramatists. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 1999. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 2004. Print. Gilbran, Khalil. qtd in A Toolbox for Humanity ed Lloyd Albert Johnson. Victoria, Canada: Trafford Publishing, 2003. Hazlitt, William.Characters of Shakespeareâ€℠¢s Plays qtd. as â€Å"Hamlet’s Power of Action† in Harold Bloom, ed. Shakespeare’s Tragedies, Bloom’s Major Dramatists. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 1999. Lewis, Roger. Money, love, and aspiration. qtd. in â€Å"New Essays on the Great Gatsby† ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK. 1985 Lhamon Jr, W.T. Style and Shape in the Great Gatsby.† Critical Essays on F. Scott Fitzgerals, Cambridge. ed. Scott Donaldson Bostom: Hall, 1984 Schlegel, August Wilhelm Von. Hamlet’s flaws. qtd. in Shakespeare’s Tragedies, Bloom’s Major Dramatists. Harold Bloom, ed. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 1999. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992. Verderame, Carla. The Great Gatsby. McClinton-Temple, Jennifer ed. Encyclopedia of Themes in Literature. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2011.

The Fast Food Restaurant Mcdonalds - 1713 Words

The fast food restaurant McDonalds and a Walmart Super Center were selected for the observations for the following reason: I engage in this service almost every day, therefore, this sphere seems very familiar. I was not overly impressed with either company. However, both of them are convenient and inexpensive so they end up being my choice on a daily basis. Besides, in the conditions of tough competition, the managers of fast food restaurants are forced to imply more and more refined strategies to attract new customers and succeed in business. It is valuable to observe which strategies give the best results and which fail to provide the expected outcome. In some service encounters, the company approaches the customer with the most†¦show more content†¦Marketing consists of efforts to push products in the market. Looking into the management mindset of these organizations, we usually find a interest in cutting costs, increasing quantity and decreasing service time. The need for speed is important: Competition is usually closing in with similar products, fast delivery, and lower prices. In this kind of competitive scenario, profit margins are thin and companies succeed only through continual increases in volume. So far so good, but if we look into the management of an organization, we find a different way of thinking that doesn’t help improve service quality. Frontline service employees, trained to follow all procedures, and encouraged by management to achieve more results in less time, find themselves answering a phone, opening the mail, or meeting the next customer in person saying to themselves, â€Å"I hope this next customer isn’t a pain in my neck! Customers with questions and unusual requests generally require increased time, lead to increased errors, and can result in a slowing down of the system. Small wonder many customer requests for anything out of the ordinary are met with retort. Leading many employees to say â€Å"We do not do it that way† or â€Å"That is not how our procedures work here.† Marketing Mix of McDonalds The marketing mix of McDonalds consists of the various elements in the marketing mix which form the core of a company’s marketing system

Revisionist Socialism - 1088 Words

Revisionist Socialism What is it? Revisionist socialism seeks to reform or tame capitalism rather than abolish it. †¨It seeks to reconcile socialism with capitalism. It seeks social justice in the sense of narrowing the economic and social inequalities (to varying degrees) within capitalism through welfare and redistribution. Social democracy is the most obvious example of revisionist socialism. Revisionists are invariably parliamentary, not revolutionary, socialists. Bernstien Beginning in the late 1890s a diverse group of so-called revisionist thinkers increasingly questioned the validity of a number of fundamental Marxist theorists. They particularly objected to how rigidly Marxs doctrine was being interpreted by his†¦show more content†¦It seeks to reconcile socialism with capitalism. It seeks social justice in the sense of narrowing the economic and social inequalities (to varying degrees) within capitalism through welfare and redistribution. The key emergence from this view was the idea of social democracy, which majority of Scandinavian countries still follow today. One key concept that led to a greater a following for revisionist socialism was that socialist projects like ‘New Harmony’ had failed due to lacking in sound economic policy and it only capitalism that in their eyes offered a secure economic policy. In order to achieve their goals they needed to gain access to the place where economic policy was formed, parliament. Therefore, revisionists are invariably parliamentary, not revolutionary, socialists. In the example of Bernstein he went on to become a key founding figure in the SDP (German Social Democratic Party), in which the party campaigned for social democracy and still does today, the idealism of social democracy also appealed to the German public with the party having 9 of the last 16 prime ministers. 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